Gushyira mu bikorwa 21.4MHz Muyunguruzi muri Walkie - Ikibuga

Gushyira mu bikorwa 21.4MHz Muyunguruzi muri Walkie - Ikibuga

Akayunguruzo ka 21.4MHz mubusanzwe gakoreshwa nkumwanya wo hagati (IF) muyunguruzi muri walkie - yakira ibiganiro, kandi imikorere yayo igena mu buryo butaziguye ibipimo bibiri byingenzi byerekana kugenda - ibiganiro: guhitamo no kumva.

Tuzasobanura byimbitse duhereye ku ngingo zikurikira:

1. "Umuvuduko Hagati" wa Walkie - Ikiganiro ni iki?

Kugirango ugere kumikorere myiza, ibiganiro - ibiganiro (kimwe nabandi bakira superheterodyne) ntabwo byongerera imbaraga no kwerekana ibimenyetso bya radiyo yakiriwe (RF) (urugero, 400 - 470MHz). Ahubwo, bafata ingamba zikurikira: ① Kuvanga: Ikimenyetso cyakiriwe cyane cya RF cyivanze nikimenyetso cyakozwe na oscillator yaho.

Ibyiza byimiterere ya "superheterodyne" nuko ibyinshi mubyunguka no guhitamo (ubushobozi bwo gushungura umuyoboro uhuza imiyoboro) bigerwaho niki gice cyagenwe NIBA, bigatuma igishushanyo cyumuzingi gihamye kandi gikora neza.

2. Kuki 21.4MHz?

21.4MHz nigisanzwe kizwi cyane NIBA inshuro nyinshi mumatsinda ya VHF / UHF (harimo imirongo ikoreshwa na walkie - ibiganiro). Impamvu zamateka na tekiniki zirimo:

Urunigi rukuze rukuze: Kuri 21.4MHz inshuro nyinshi, hariho umubare munini wabantu bakuze, bahamye, kandi hasi - ibiciro byungurura, ibyongerwaho, nibindi bikoresho bifitanye isano birahari.

Impirimbanyi hagati yimikorere nigiciro: Iyi frequency ni ndende bihagije kugirango ihagarike neza kwivanga kwishusho (kwakirwa bisanzwe); icyarimwe, ni hasi bihagije kugirango byorohereze igishushanyo nogukora hejuru - Q (ibintu byiza) muyunguruzi (nka kristu ya kristu na ceramic filter).

Umurage w'amateka: Iyi frequence yakoreshejwe mu bucuruzi bw'itumanaho mu myaka mirongo, kandi ibyamamare byinshi bya kera - ibisubizo bya chie hamwe nibisubizo byateguwe hafi yiyi ntera yo hagati.

3. Uruhare rwibanze rwa 21.4MHz Akayunguruzo muri Walkie - Ibiganiro

Muri 21.4MHz NIBA igice, akayunguruzo nukuri "umurinzi w'irembo". Uruhare rwarwo ni ingenzi: ① Kunoza Guhitamo

Imikorere: Guhitamo bivuga ubushobozi bwabakiriya bwo gutandukanya ibimenyetso bifuza nibimenyetso byinshi no guhagarika ibimenyetso byerekeranye numuyoboro.

Uburyo ikora: Akayunguruzo ka 21.4MHz gafite umurongo uhanamye cyane wo gusubiza (mubisanzwe nk "urukuta rw'amatafari"). Yemerera gusa igice cyerekana ibimenyetso hamwe na 21.4MHz nkikigo hamwe numuyoboro wuzuye neza kunyura (urugero, ± 6.25kHz, ± 7.5kHz, ± 12.5kHz bikunze gukoreshwa mubiganiro -, bihuye nu mwanya utandukanye).

Ingaruka ifatika: Iyo amaradiyo abiri afite imirongo yegeranye cyane yanduza icyarimwe, ikiganiro - ikiganiro gifite ibikoresho byo hejuru - 21.4MHz muyunguruzi irashobora kumva neza amajwi ya radiyo igenewe, mugihe ihagarika neza ibimenyetso byizindi nzira yegeranye kugirango wirinde kunyura. Hatariho akayunguruzo cyangwa hamwe na filteri idakora neza, uzumva urusaku "umuyoboro wambukiranya".

Kunoza ibyiyumvo

Imikorere: Sensitivity bivuga ubushobozi bwabakiriye kwakira ibimenyetso bidakomeye.

Uburyo ikora: Mbere yo kongera ibimenyetso NIBA ibimenyetso, akayunguruzo gakoreshwa mu kuyungurura - ya - urusaku rwumuvuduko no kwivanga mbere. Muri ubu buryo, amplification nyamukuru ni "isuku" ikimenyetso cyingirakamaro ubwacyo. Niba amplification ikozwe nta kuyungurura, hanze - ya - urusaku rwumuvuduko narwo ruzongerwa, bityo kurohama ibimenyetso bidakomeye.

Ingaruka ifatika: Emerera urugendo rwawe - kuganira kugirango ukomeze itumanaho ryumvikana ndetse no kure cyane cyangwa hamwe nibimenyetso bidakomeye.

4. Ubwoko bwa 21.4MHz Muyunguruzi

Muri walkie - ibiganiro, ibisanzwe 21.4MHz muyunguruzi harimo ubwoko bukurikira:

Akayunguruzo Ceramic:

Ibiranga: Igiciro gito, ingano nto, kwizerwa cyane, kandi nta guhinduka gukenewe.

Porogaramu: Byakoreshejwe cyane hagati - kugeza - hasi - amaherezo ya walkie -, kandi imikorere yayo irahagije kugirango uhuze ibyifuzo bisanzwe. Umuyoboro wacyo nuburyo bugaragara (icyerekezo cyo gupima uburebure bwurungano rwungurura) mubisanzwe ni bibi cyane kuruta kayunguruzo ariko biruta cyane LC muyunguruzi.

Akayunguruzo:

Ibiranga: Ifite agaciro gakomeye cyane Q, guhitamo rero ni byiza, kandi imiterere yimiterere yegereye leta nziza.

Porogaramu: Mubisanzwe bikoreshwa murwego rwo hejuru - kurangiza umwuga wogukora - ibiganiro cyangwa ibihe bisaba imbaraga zo kurwanya - cyane. Igiciro kiri hejuru yicyayunguruzo ceramic.