PCB Pad Surface Kurangiza: Ibikenewe, Uburyo bwo Gutunganya, hamwe nisesengura ryagereranijwe rya Zahabu
1. Ubwiza buhebuje no kugurisha kwizerwa (Impamvu nyamukuru)
Irinda Oxidation: Zahabu (Au) nicyuma gihamye cyane kandi nticyoroshye okiside mumyuka. Ibinyuranyo, ubundi buso busanzwe bwa padi burangira, nka Hot Air Solder Leveling (HASL), bikunda okiside mugihe cyo kubika, bigakora firime ya tin oxyde igabanya ubukana.
Iremeza imbaraga zo kugurisha: Ubuso bwa zahabu isukuye butanga ubushuhe buhebuje, butuma umugurisha akwirakwira byoroshye kandi kimwe, bigakora ingingo zikomeye kandi zizewe. Ibi nibyingenzi mubikorwa bya SMT byikora, bigabanya cyane igipimo cy inenge nko guhuza imbeho no kugurisha ibinyoma.
2. Iremeza Hejuru - Imashanyarazi yumuriro
Imyitwarire myiza: Zahabu nuyobora amashanyarazi meza cyane. Kubintu byinshi - ibice byinshyi nka oscillator ya kristu (cyane cyane ikora kuri mirongo cyangwa ndetse na magana ya MHz), niyo itandukaniro rito mukurwanya padi irashobora kuzana igihombo kidakenewe cyangwa ibibazo byubusugire bwibimenyetso.
Ihuza rihamye: Zahabu - igipande cyometseho gifite ubuso bunoze kandi buringaniye (bizwi nka "kuringaniza ubuvuzi"), butuma habaho amashanyarazi amwe kandi atajegajega hamwe na zahabu - yashizwemo electrode cyangwa imipira yo kugurisha ya oscillator. Ibi bigabanya igihombo no gutekereza mugihe cyo kohereza ibimenyetso, nibyingenzi mukubungabunga isuku nogukomeza kwamasaha yisaha.
3. Birakwiriye guhuza umugozi wa zahabu
Bimwe murwego rwo hejuru - birangira cyangwa bipfunyitse cyane bya kristu oscillator (nka OCXOs zimwe) bisaba guhuza hagati ya chip y'imbere na pin yo hanze ukoresheje insinga nziza cyane. Iyi nzira igomba gukorerwa kumpapuro zamazu ya kristu ya oscillator.
Gusa zahabu - kugeza - guhuza zahabu bishobora kugera kumurongo wizewe kandi uhamye. Zahabu - zipanze zitanga ibisabwa bikenewe muriki gikorwa.
4. Yagura Ubuzima bwa Shelf
Kubera ko zahabu itoroha okiside, kugurisha zahabu - PCBs zishobora kubikwa igihe kirekire (mubisanzwe hejuru yumwaka umwe), byorohereza gucunga ibikoresho no kugurisha ibicuruzwa. Ibinyuranyo, amabati - imbaho zometseho zishobora guhura nibibazo byo kugurishwa mugihe cyamezi make mubidukikije.
5. Birakwiriye kugurishwa byinshi
Mugihe cyo guterana kwa PCBA bigoye, inama irashobora gukenera kunyura hejuru - uburyo bwo kugurisha ubushyuhe. Igice cya zahabu - gikozwe neza kiguma gihamye mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwinshi kandi ntigishonga byoroshye cyangwa ngo gitange "amabati" nka plaque, bituma padi ikomeza kugurishwa neza nyuma ya buri gikorwa cyo kugaruka.
Guhitamo uburyo bwo gutunganya zahabu: ENIG
Uburyo bukoreshwa cyane muburyo bwa zahabu kuri SMT kristal oscillator padi ni ENIG (Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold).
Hasi Nickel (Ni) Igice: Ibi birakomeye. Nikel ikora nka bariyeri, ikumira ikwirakwizwa hagati yizahabu yo hejuru nu gice cyumuringa (Cu) kiri munsi yubushyuhe bwinshi, ibyo bikaba byavangavangavangavangavangavanga (IMCs) bigira ingaruka zikomeye kumbaraga zumukanishi wumugurisha.
Ubuso bwa Zahabu (Au) Igice: Zahabu iroroshye cyane (mubisanzwe 0.05 - 0.1μm) kandi ikora gusa kugirango irinde nikel kwirinda okiside mugihe itanga ubuso bwiza cyane. Mugihe cyo kugurisha, zahabu ihita ishonga mubagurisha, kandi igicuruzwa nyirizina kigizwe nuruvange hagati ya nikel iri munsi yuwagurishije (Sn), bikavamo Ni-Sn.
Gereranya nubundi buryo bwo kuvura Ubuso
Ibyiza nibibi byuburyo bwo kuvura Ubuso (Kuri Chip Crystal Oscillators)
ENIG (Gold Electroless Nickel Immersion Zahabu): Uburinganire buringaniye, kugurishwa cyane, kurwanya okiside, bikwiranye no guhuza insinga za zahabu; ugereranije nigiciro kinini.
HASL (Urwego rushyushye rwo kugurisha urwego): Igiciro gito; ubuso butaringaniye bushobora gutera kugurisha nabi ibice bito -; bikunda okiside.
OSP (Organic Solderability Preservative): Igiciro gito, kiringaniye cyane; firime irinda umutekano, ntabwo irwanya kugurisha ibintu byinshi; igihe gito cyo kubaho.
Kwibiza Ifeza: Ubuso buringaniye, kugurishwa neza, igiciro giciriritse; bikunda okiside na sulfidasiyo (umuhondo), uburebure - ijambo kwiringirwa kurenza ENIG.
ENEPIG (Electroless Nickel Electroless Palladium Immersion Zahabu): Imikorere myiza, ibereye cyane guhuza insinga za zahabu; igiciro kinini.
Incamake
Isahani ya zahabu (ENIG) amakariso ya SMT kristal oscillator igamije cyane cyane ko iki kintu cyingenzi, gitanga "umutima wumutima" wa sisitemu, gishobora kugurishwa neza mugihe kimwe cyihuta -, cyakozwe na SMT cyikora. Iremeza kandi igihe kirekire - ijambo rihamye kandi ryizewe ryamashanyarazi na mashini.
Nubwo isahani ya zahabu ikubiyemo ikiguzi kinini, ishoramari rifite agaciro rwose kubicuruzwa byinshi bya elegitoronike bisaba kwizerwa cyane (nk'ibikoresho by'itumanaho, sisitemu yo kugenzura inganda, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, n'ibikoresho by'ubuvuzi). Ifasha kwirinda kunanirwa kw'isaha ya sisitemu, gukora ibyiciro, cyangwa no kwibuka ibicuruzwa biterwa no kugurisha inenge.