Nibihe bintu bigira ingaruka kumitekerereze ya quartz kristal oscillator?
Crystal oscillator ikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa bifatika, kurugero, mumashanyarazi ya CPU. Kubera ko abasomyi bose batamenyereye nabo, iyi ngingo irerekana ituze ryumubyigano wa kristu ihindagurika kandi ikanasesengura ibintu bigira ingaruka kumurongo wikurikiranya rya quartz kristal oscillator.
Ihagarikwa ryinshuro risobanura itandukaniro mubisohoka bya oscillator biterwa nihindagurika ryubushyuhe mugihe gikora. Niba inshuro ya drift irenze ibisabwa muri porogaramu, hazabaho amakosa yibihe. Ihinduka ryinshyi ryerekanwe mubice kuri miriyoni (ppm), ugereranije numurongo wa nominal hejuru yubushyuhe bwasobanuwe.
Ikintu kimwe cyingenzi kiranga quartz kristal oscillator ni ituze ryayo murwego rwubushyuhe bukora, kandi iki nikintu gikomeye kigira ingaruka kubiciro bya oscillator. Nibyiza umurongo uhoraho cyangwa mugari wagutse yubushyuhe bwo gukora, niko ikiguzi cyibigize. Urwego - 40 ~ {{3} range urwego rwasobanuwe mubipimo nganda akenshi byatoranijwe gusa kubera akamenyero k'abashushanya. Niba urwego -20 ~ +70 urwego rwujuje ibisabwa, nta mpamvu yo guhitamo ubushyuhe bwagutse. Abashinzwe ibishushanyo mbonera bagomba gusuzuma neza ibisabwa mubikorwa byabo mbere yo kwerekana ihindagurika rya kristu. Kurenza urugero biganisha ku kwiyongera kw'ibiciro bitari ngombwa.
Gusaza kwa quartz kristal oscillator ni ikindi kintu gikomeye kiganisha ku guhinduranya inshuro. Ukurikije ubuzima bwa serivisi ibisabwa mubicuruzwa byarangiye, uburyo bwinshi burahari kugirango bigabanye ingaruka. Gusaza kwa Crystal bitera ibisohoka inshuro nyinshi gukurikira logarithmic drift curve, bivuze ko ingaruka zo gusaza zigaragara cyane mugihe cyambere cyibikorwa. Kurugero, gusaza kwa kristu nyuma yimyaka irenga 10 ikora ni hafi - kimwe cya gatatu cyikigereranyo cyumwaka wambere. Iyi drift irashobora kugabanywa hakoreshejwe tekinoroji yihariye yo gutunganya, cyangwa indishyi zoguhuza. Urugero rumwe ni ugukoresha voltage kuri pin igenzura (ni ukuvuga guhuza imikorere ya voltage igenzura).
Ibindi bintu bigira ingaruka kumutekano harimo itangwa rya voltage ihindagurika, impinduka zumutwaro, urusaku rwicyiciro na jitter. Ibipimo bigomba gusobanurwa muguhitamo gukora kristal oscillator ikora. Ku nganda - ibicuruzwa byo mu rwego, guhindagurika no gutungurwa birasabwa rimwe na rimwe. Ibikoresho bya gisirikare no mu kirere bishyiraho ibindi bisabwa, nko kwihanganira ihindagurika ry'umuvuduko n'imirasire.
Ububiko bwa Quartz kristal oscillator mubusanzwe bukozwe muri sisitemu ya quartz. Synthetic quartz ishyigikira umusaruro mwinshi kandi igabanya ibiciro byinganda, mugihe kirisiti ya quartz isanzwe ikoreshwa mugice gito cyibisabwa. Nubwo bimeze bityo, ibicuruzwa bitumizwa mu mahanga byiyongera. Bamwe mu bakora inganda za kristu oscillator bakoresha ibikoresho bito bito kugirango umusaruro ugabanuke. Gukoresha ibikoresho nkibi bikunda gutera ibibazo harimo kutamenya neza inshuro za SMD hamwe na silindrike ya kristal oscillator, imikorere yubushyuhe budahagije, kunanirwa kunyeganyega nandi makosa akora.
Igishushanyo mbonera kigomba kubikwa mugihe cyo gutoranya ibice kugirango byemeze ibicuruzwa byizewe. Guhitamo urwego rwo hejuru - ibyiciro birashobora gukomeza kugabanya kunanirwa no gutanga inyungu zishoboka. Iyi ngingo nayo igomba kwitabwaho mugihe ugereranije ibiciro byibicuruzwa. Kugirango ugere kumikorere yuzuye kandi yumvikana muri rusange ya quartz kristal oscillator, injeniyeri agomba gupima ibintu byinshi birimo ituze, ubushyuhe bwimikorere, ingaruka zo gusaza kwa kirisiti, urusaku rwibiciro hamwe nigiciro. Gutekereza kubiciro ntabwo bikubiyemo igiciro cyibigize gusa ahubwo nigiciro cyibicuruzwa byubuzima.